The court must judge the damages incurred by an animal eating
EXO 22:5✅ Positivo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
"If a man lets a field or vineyard be grazed bare and lets his animal loose so that it grazes in another man's field, he shall make restitution from the best of his own field and the best of his own vineyard.
EXO 22:6✅ Positivo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
"If a fire breaks out and spreads to thorn bushes, so that stacked grain or the standing grain or the field itself is consumed, he who started the fire shall surely make restitution.
Do not move a boundary marker to steal someone's property
DEU 19:14❌ Negativo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
"You shall not move your neighbor's boundary mark, which the ancestors have set, in your inheritance which you will inherit in the land that the LORD your God gives you to possess.
Do not covet and scheme to acquire another's possession
EXO 20:17❌ Negativo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
"You shall not covet your neighbor's house; you shall not covet your neighbor's wife or his male servant or his female servant or his ox or his donkey or anything that belongs to your neighbor."
The court must send the accidental murderer to a city of refuge
NUM 35:25✅ Positivo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
'The congregation shall deliver the manslayer from the hand of the blood avenger, and the congregation shall restore him to his city of refuge to which he fled; and he shall live in it until the death of the high priest who was anointed with the holy oil.
Designate cities of refuge and prepare routes of access
DEU 19:3✅ Positivo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
"You shall prepare the roads for yourself, and divide into three parts the territory of your land which the LORD your God will give you as a possession, so that any manslayer may flee there.
Break the neck of a calf by the river valley following an unsolved murder
DEU 21:4✅ Positivo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
and the elders of that city shall bring the heifer down to a valley with running water, which has not been plowed or sown, and shall break the heifer's neck there in the valley.
Do not work nor plant the river valley where an unsolved murder occurred
DEU 21:4❌ Negativo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
and the elders of that city shall bring the heifer down to a valley with running water, which has not been plowed or sown, and shall break the heifer's neck there in the valley.
The courts must carry out the laws of a hired worker and hired guard
EXO 22:10✅ Positivo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
"If a man gives his neighbor a donkey, an ox, a sheep, or any animal to keep for him, and it dies or is hurt or is driven away while no one is looking,
The courts must carry out the laws of the plaintiff, admitter, or denier
EXO 22:9✅ Positivo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
"For every breach of trust, whether it is for ox, for donkey, for sheep, for clothing, or for any lost thing about which one says, 'This is it,' the case of both parties shall come before the judges; he whom the judges condemn shall pay double to his neighbor.
DEU 16:18✅ Positivo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
"You shall appoint for yourself judges and officers in all your towns which the LORD your God is giving you, according to your tribes, and they shall judge the people with righteous judgment.
Do not appoint judges who are not familiar with the Law
DEU 1:17❌ Negativo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
'You shall not show partiality in judgment; you shall hear the small and the great alike. You shall not fear man, for the judgment is God's. The case that is too hard for you, you shall bring to me, and I will hear it.'
The courts must carry out the death penalty of stoning
DEU 22:24✅ Positivo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
then you shall bring them both out to the gate of that city and you shall stone them to death; the girl, because she did not cry out in the city, and the man, because he has violated his neighbor's wife. Thus you shall purge the evil from among you.
The courts must carry out the death penalty of burning
LEV 20:14✅ Positivo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
If there is a man who marries a woman and her mother, it is immorality; both he and they shall be burned with fire, so that there will be no immorality in your midst.
The courts must carry out the death penalty of strangulation
LEV 20:10✅ Positivo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
If there is a man who commits adultery with another man's wife, one who commits adultery with his friend's wife, the adulterer and the adulteress shall surely be put to death.
DEU 21:23✅ Positivo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
his corpse shall not hang all night on the tree, but you shall surely bury him on the same day (for he who is hanged is accursed of God), so that you do not defile your land which the LORD your God gives you as an inheritance.
DEU 21:23❌ Negativo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
his corpse shall not hang all night on the tree, but you shall surely bury him on the same day (for he who is hanged is accursed of God), so that you do not defile your land which the LORD your God gives you as an inheritance.
EXO 22:18❌ Negativo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
"You shall not allow a sorceress to live.
יז מְכַשֵּׁפָה, לֹא תְחַיֶּה.
18 (22:17) φαρμακοὺς οὐ περιποιήσετε. --
Parashah: Mishpatim · Sefer HaChinuch: #62
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The court must give lashes to the wrongdoer
DEU 25:3✅ Positivo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
"He may beat him forty times but no more, so that he does not beat him with many more stripes than these and your brother is not degraded in your eyes.
The court must not exceed the prescribed number of lashes
DEU 25:3❌ Negativo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
"He may beat him forty times but no more, so that he does not beat him with many more stripes than these and your brother is not degraded in your eyes.
The court must not punish anybody who was forced to do a crime
DEU 22:26❌ Negativo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
"But you shall do nothing to the girl; there is no sin in the girl worthy of death, for just as a man rises against his neighbor and murders him, so is this case.
DEU 1:17❌ Negativo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
'You shall not show partiality in judgment; you shall hear the small and the great alike. You shall not fear man, for the judgment is God's. The case that is too hard for you, you shall bring to me, and I will hear it.'
Now if a person sins after he hears a public adjuration to testify when he is a witness, whether he has seen or otherwise known, if he does not tell it, then he will bear his guilt.
DEU 13:15✅ Positivo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
you shall surely strike the inhabitants of that city with the edge of the sword, utterly destroying it and all that is in it and its cattle with the edge of the sword.
A witness must not serve as a judge in capital crimes
NUM 35:30❌ Negativo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
'If anyone kills a person, the murderer shall be put to death at the evidence of witnesses, but no person shall be put to death on the testimony of one witness.
ל כָּל-מַכֵּה-נֶפֶשׁ--לְפִי עֵדִים, יִרְצַח אֶת-הָרֹצֵחַ; וְעֵד אֶחָד, לֹא-יַעֲנֶה בְנֶפֶשׁ לָמוּת.
DEU 19:15❌ Negativo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
"A single witness shall not rise up against a man on account of any iniquity or any sin which he has committed; on the evidence of two or three witnesses a matter shall be confirmed.
DEU 17:11✅ Positivo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
"According to the terms of the law which they teach you, and according to the verdict which they tell you, you shall do; you shall not turn aside from the word which they declare to you, to the right or the left.
DEU 17:11❌ Negativo⚔ Tribunali, Crimini e Punizioni
"According to the terms of the law which they teach you, and according to the verdict which they tell you, you shall do; you shall not turn aside from the word which they declare to you, to the right or the left.
I 613 comandamenti (mitzvot) sono l'elenco completo delle istruzioni divine della Torah — i primi cinque libri della Bibbia. Furono codificati da Maimonide nel XII secolo e comprendono 248 comandamenti positivi ("fai questo") e 365 negativi ("non fare questo").
Cosa significano le etichette P e N?
P significa Positivo — un comandamento di fare qualcosa (es: "Onora tuo padre e tua madre"). N significa Negativo — un divieto (es: "Non rubare"). Ci sono 248 positivi e 365 negativi.
Quali sono le 30 categorie?
I comandamenti sono organizzati in categorie come Sacrifici e Offerte, Tribunali e Punizioni, Tempi Stabiliti, Idolatria, Leviti e Sacerdoti, Leggi Alimentari, Matrimonio e Famiglia e altro. Questo facilita lo studio dei comandamenti correlati.
Perché ci sono tre lingue delle Scritture?
Ogni comandamento mostra il testo ebraico originale, la traduzione greca della Settanta e una traduzione inglese. Questo permette di studiare il comandamento nella lingua originale e confrontare le traduzioni.
Cos'è una Parashah?
Una Parashah è la porzione settimanale di lettura della Torah nella tradizione liturgica ebraica. Ogni comandamento mostra a quale Parashah appartiene, collegandolo al ciclo di lettura sinagogale.
Cos'è il Sefer HaChinuch?
Il Sefer HaChinuch è un'opera del XIII secolo che spiega le ragioni di ciascuno dei 613 comandamenti. Il numero mostrato qui corrisponde al sistema di ordinamento di quest'opera.
Tutti i comandamenti sono ancora praticati oggi?
Molti comandamenti riguardano il Tempio, il sistema sacrificale o la vita agricola nell'antico Israele e non possono essere praticati oggi. Altri — come i comandamenti etici e morali — continuano a essere universalmente osservati in tutte le tradizioni.
Posso filtrare per categoria?
Sì. Usa le pillole di categoria in alto per filtrare i comandamenti per una delle 30 categorie. Puoi anche filtrare per polarità (positivo/negativo) per vedere solo comandi o solo divieti.
Come si relazionano i comandamenti con il Nuovo Testamento?
Gesù riassunse i comandamenti in due grandi principi: amare Dio e amare il prossimo (Matteo 22:37-40). Paolo e altri apostoli discutono il rapporto tra la Legge e la grazia nelle Epistole.
Perché il testo dice "D-o" invece di "Dio"?
I dati originali seguono la convenzione accademica ebraica, che evita di scrivere il nome completo di Dio per riverenza. Questa è una pratica tradizionale nella documentazione e negli studi ebraici.
